Which scientist first noted the uniqueness of friction ridge patterns?

The scientist who first noted the uniqueness of friction ridge patterns was Johannes Purkinje. Purkinje, a Czech anatomist and physiologist, made significant contributions to the study of fingerprints in the early 19th century. In his research, he identified different types of fingerprint patterns and recognized their variability among individuals. This foundational work laid the groundwork for the future study and understanding of fingerprints as a means of personal identification, emphasizing that these patterns are unique to each person. His observations were pivotal in establishing the scientific basis for the use of fingerprints in forensic science.

The other individuals mentioned contributed to the broader field of fingerprints and personal identification but did not initially outline the uniqueness of friction ridge patterns as comprehensively as Purkinje did.