What method led to the significant advancement of fingerprint identification in law enforcement?

The significant advancement of fingerprint identification in law enforcement is attributed to microscopic examination. This method allows for the detailed study and analysis of fingerprints, which are composed of unique ridge patterns that can be examined closely. With the aid of magnification, examiners can discern fine details and nuances in fingerprints that are crucial for accurate identification.

Microscopic examination facilitates the comparison of latent prints (those left unintentionally on surfaces) with known prints, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of results. It marks a pivotal shift in forensic science, as it uses technology to improve the precision with which prints can be matched, ultimately leading to more effective applications in criminal investigations.

While other methods mentioned, such as digital imaging and anthropometric measurements, have their own relevance in forensic science, none have had the profound impact on fingerprint identification that microscopic examination has contributed. The focus here is on understanding that detailed analysis is crucial for establishing the individuality of fingerprints in criminal cases.